Reference:
B. De Schutter,
"Optimizing acyclic traffic signal switching sequences through an
extended linear complementarity problem formulation," European
Journal of Operational Research, vol. 139, no. 2, pp. 400-415,
June 2002.
Abstract:
In this paper we first show how the Extended Linear Complementarity
Problem, which is a mathematical programming problem, can be used to
design optimal switching schemes for a class of switched systems with
linear dynamics subject to saturation. More specifically, we consider
the determination of the optimal switching time instants (the
switching sequences are acyclic, but the phase sequence is pre-fixed).
Although this method yields globally optimal switching time sequences,
it is not feasible in practice due to its computational complexity.
Therefore, we also discuss some approximations that lead to suboptimal
switching time sequences that can be computed very efficiently and for
which the value of the objective function is close to the global
optimum. Finally we use these results to design optimal switching time
sequences for a traffic signal controlled intersection so as to
minimize criteria such as average queue length, worst case queue
length, average waiting time, and so on.